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Agreement and Plan of Merger |
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2000 |
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this "Agreement") is made and entered
into as of July 28, 2000, by and among Immersion Corporation, a Delaware
corporation ("Parent"), VT Acquisition, Inc., a California corporation and a
wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub"), Virtual Technologies, Inc., a
California corporation (the "Company"), and James F. Kramer, as the
representative of the Company's shareholders (the "Shareholder Representative"),
with reference to the following facts:
A. The respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Merger Sub and the
Company have each determined that it is advisable for Parent to acquire the
Company upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement.
B. In furtherance of such combination, the Boards of Directors of
Parent, Merger Sub and the Company have each approved this Agreement and the
merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the "Merger") in accordance with
the applicable provisions of the California General Corporation Law (the "CGCL")
and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement.
C. For federal income tax purposes, it is intended that the Merger
qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and this Agreement is hereby
adopted as a plan of reorganization for purposes of Section 368 of the Code.
D. For financial accounting purposes, it is intended that the Merger be
accounted for as a purchase transaction.
ACCORDINGLY, in consideration of the foregoing and the following
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements, and intending to be
legally bound hereby, the parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
1.1 THE MERGER. At the Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.3), and
subject to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the
applicable provisions of the CGCL, (i) Merger Sub will be merged with and into
the Company; (ii) the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub will cease; and
(iii) the Company will be the surviving corporation (the "Surviving
Corporation").
1.2 THE CLOSING. The closing of the Merger and the other transactions
contemplated by this Agreement (the "Closing") will take place at 10:00 a.m.,
local time, at the
<PAGE> 2
offices of Heller Ehrman White & McAuliffe LLP, 525 University Avenue, Palo
Alto, California, on a date to be specified by the parties (the "Closing Date"),
which date will be the date on which all the conditions set forth in Article VII
are satisfied or waived, unless another date, time or place is agreed to in
writing by the parties.
1.3 EFFECTIVE TIME. On the Closing Date, the parties will cause the
Merger to be consummated by filing an agreement of merger (the "Agreement of
Merger"), together with the required officers' certificates, with the California
Secretary of State, in the forms required by, and executed in accordance with,
the applicable provisions of the CGCL (the time of such filing being the
"Effective Time").
1.4 EFFECT OF THE MERGER. The effect of the Merger will be as provided
in this Agreement, the Agreement of Merger and the applicable provisions of the
CGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at
the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises
of the Company and Merger Sub will vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all
debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub will become the
debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
1.5 ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION; BYLAWS. At the Effective Time, the
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately
prior to the Effective Time, will be the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of
the Surviving Corporation (except that the corporate name will be changed to
Virtual Technologies, Inc.), until thereafter amended in accordance with the
CGCL and such Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws.
1.6 DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. The directors and officers of Merger Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time will be the initial directors and
officers of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with
the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation and until
their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified.
1.7 FURTHER ACTION AFTER THE EFFECTIVE TIME. If, at any time after the
Effective Time, any such further action is necessary or desirable to carry out
the purposes of this Agreement and to vest the Surviving Corporation with full
right, title and possession to all assets, property, rights, privileges, powers
and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub, the officers and directors of the
Company and Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time are fully
authorized in the name of their respective corporations or otherwise to take,
and will take, all such lawful and necessary action.
2
<PAGE> 3
ARTICLE II
CONVERSION OF SHARES
2.1 EFFECT ON STOCK. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and
without any action on the part of the Company, Merger Sub or the holders of any
securities of the Company or Merger Sub, the following will occur:
(a) CONVERSION OF COMPANY STOCK. Each share of the Company's common
stock ("Company Common Stock") issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time (other than any shares to be cancelled pursuant to Section
2.1(d)) will, subject to Sections 2.1(b), 2.1(c), 2.1(e) and 2.1(f), be
automatically converted into the right to receive (i) that percentage of a share
of the Parent's common stock, $0.001 par value per share ("Parent Common
Stock"), equal to the "Exchange Ratio" (as defined in Section 2.1(b)), and (ii)
the "Per Share Cash Amount" (as defined in Section 2.1(b)).
(b) DETERMINATION OF THE EXCHANGE RATIO AND PER SHARE CASH AMOUNT.
For purposes of this Agreement:
(i) The "Per Share Value" will be equal to the average of the
closing sale prices of a share of Parent Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market
("Nasdaq") for the five trading days immediately preceding the Effective Time.
(ii) The "Total Value" will be equal to 400,000 multiplied by
the Per Share Value, reduced by the full amount of any Excess Fees and Expenses
(as defined in Section 7.2(p)).
(iii) The "Outstanding Company Shares" will be equal to the
total number of shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any shares to be cancelled
pursuant to Section 2.1(d)).
(iv) The "Stock Fraction" will be equal to a fraction, the
numerator of which is equal to the Outstanding Company Shares and the
denominator of which is equal to the sum of the Outstanding Company Shares and
that number of shares of Company Common Stock issuable on exercise of all
options to purchase shares of Company Common Stock that are outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time
(v) The "Merger Consideration" will be equal to the Total Value
multiplied by the Stock Fraction.
(vi) The "Merger Cash Amount" will be equal to the lesser of (i)
$1,500,000 multiplied by the Stock Fraction; or (ii) the Merger Consideration
multiplied by the applicable percentage below:
3
<PAGE> 4
(A) 15%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,706,149;
(B) 14%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,651,427, but less than
4,706,149;
(C) 13%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,597,962, but less than
4,651,427;
(D) 12%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,545,713, but less than
4,597,962;
(E) 11%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,494,637, but less than
4,545,713;
(F) 10%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,444,697, but less than
4,494,637;
(G) 9%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,395,854, but less than
4,444,697;
(H) 8%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,348,073, but less than
4,395,854;
(I) 7%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,301,319, but less than
4,348,073;
(J) 6%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,255,561, but less than
4,301,319;
(K) 5%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,210,765, but less than
4,255,561;
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<PAGE> 5
(L) 4%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,166,903, but less than
4,210,765;
(M) 3%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,123,945, but less than
4,166,903;
(N) 2%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,081,864, but less than
4,123,945;
(O) 1%, if the number of Outstanding Company Shares voting
in favor of the Merger is equal to or greater than 4,040,663, but less than
4,081,864; or
(P) 0%, if none of immediately preceding clauses (A) through
(O) applies.
(vii) The "Per Share Cash Amount" will be equal to the Merger
Cash Amount divided by the Outstanding Company Shares.
(viii) The "Merger Shares" will be equal to the Merger
Consideration minus the Merger Cash Amount, divided by the Per Share Value.
(ix) The "Exchange Ratio" will be equal to the Merger Shares
divided by the Outstanding Company Shares.
(x) The Exchange Ratio will be adjusted to reflect the effect of
any stock split, reverse split, stock dividend (including any dividend or
distribution of securities convertible into Parent Common Stock),
reorganization, recapitalization or other like change with respect to Parent
Common Stock occurring after the date of this Agreement and prior to the
Effective Time.
(c) ESCROWED SHARES. An aggregate of 60,000 shares (the "Escrowed
Shares") of Parent Common Stock to be issued in the Merger will be held in
escrow by U.S. Trust Company, N. A. (the "Escrow Agent") under an Escrow
Agreement, in substantially the form attached as EXHIBIT A to this Agreement
(the "Escrow Agreement"). The Escrowed Shares will be contributed to the escrow
pro rata based on the number of shares of Parent Common Stock that each Company
shareholder would have been entitled to receive but for the creation of such
escrow. At the Effective Time, the Company's shareholders will be deemed to have
received and deposited with the Escrow Agent the Escrowed Shares, without any
act by the Company's shareholders. The adoption of this Agreement and the
approval of the Merger by the Company's shareholders will constitute the
approval of the Company shareholders' of the Escrow Agreement and
5
<PAGE> 6
of all the arrangements relating thereto, including the placement of the
Escrowed Shares in escrow, the appointment of James F. Kramer as the Shareholder
Representative in Article IX of this Agreement and any obligations of, or
payments due by, such shareholders under this Agreement or the Escrow Agreement
(including the payment of the Unanticipated Fees and Expenses (as defined in
Section 10.3)).
(d) CANCELLATION. Each share of Company Common Stock held by the
Company or owned by Parent, Merger Sub or any direct or indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company or Parent, immediately prior to the Effective Time
will be automatically cancelled and retired and will cease to exist, without
payment of any consideration therefor.
(e) DISSENTING SHARES. Any holder of Company Common Stock with
respect to which dissenters' rights are granted by reason of the Merger under
the CGCL, who does not vote to approve the Merger and who otherwise complies
with Chapter 13 of the CGCL ("Dissenting Shares"), will not be entitled to
receive that number of shares of Parent Common Stock or that amount of cash
(including any cash in lieu of fractional shares) that such holder is entitled
to receive in the Merger, all in accordance with this Article II, and will be
entitled to receive only the payment provided for by Chapter 13 of the CGCL,
unless such holder fails to perfect, effectively withdraws or loses his or her
right to dissent from the Merger under the CGCL. If any such holder so fails to
perfect, effectively withdraws or loses his or her dissenters' rights under the
CGCL, his or her Dissenting Shares will thereupon be deemed to have been
converted, as of the Effective Time, into the right to receive that number of
shares of Parent Common Stock and that amount of cash that such holder is
entitled to receive in the Merger, less the shares being escrowed, plus any cash
in lieu of fractional shares, all in accordance with this Article II. Any
payments relating to Dissenting Shares will be made solely by the Surviving
Corporation, and no funds or other property will be provided by Merger Sub or
any of Parent's other direct or indirect subsidiaries.
(f) CASH IN LIEU OF FRACTIONAL SHARES. No fraction of a share of
Parent Common Stock will be issued by virtue of the Merger. Instead, each holder
of shares of Company Common Stock who would otherwise be entitled to a fraction
of a share of Parent Common Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of
Parent Common Stock to be received by such holder) will receive from Parent an
amount of cash (rounded down to the nearest whole cent) equal to the product of
such fraction, multiplied by the Per Share Value, without interest thereon.
(g) CONVERSION OF MERGER SUB STOCK. Each share of common stock of
Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time will
be converted into and exchanged for one validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation.
6
<PAGE> 7
2.2 COMPANY STOCK OPTIONS. At the Effective Time, Parent will, to the
full extent permitted by applicable law, assume all outstanding options to
purchase shares of Company Common Stock (the "Company Stock Options") granted
under the Virtual Technologies, Inc. 1997 Stock Option Plan (the "Company Stock
Option Plan"). Each outstanding Company Stock Option, whether or not exercisable
at the Effective Time, will, to the full extent permitted by applicable law, be
assumed by Parent so that it will be exercisable upon the same terms and
conditions as under the Company Stock Option Plan and the applicable option
agreement issued thereunder; provided, however, that (i) such option will
thereafter be exercisable for (A) a number of shares of Parent Common Stock
(rounded down to the nearest whole share) equal to the number of shares of
Company Common Stock issuable under such Company Stock Option multiplied by the
Exchange Ratio and (B) an amount of cash equal to the Per Share Cash Amount
multiplied by the number of shares of Company Common Stock issuable under such
Company Stock Option, and (ii) the option exercise price per share will
thereafter be equal to the option exercise price per share under such Company
Stock Option divided by the Exchange Ratio.
2.3 EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES.
(a) EXCHANGE PROCEDURES. At the Closing, each holder of a
certificate or certificates which represented shares of Company Common Stock
immediately prior to the Effective Time, other than Dissenting Shares, will
surrender such certificate(s), accompanied by a properly completed letter(s) of
transmittal (which will be in such form as Parent may reasonably specify), and
such other customary documents as may be required pursuant to such letter(s) of
transmittal, to Parent (or an exchange agent selected by Parent in its sole
discretion). As soon as reasonably practicable (and in any event no later than
30 days) after the later of such surrender and the date on which the California
Secretary of State issues a certified copy of the filed Agreement of Merger,
such holder will be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a certificate
evidencing that number of shares of Parent Common Stock and that amount of cash
(without interest thereon) that such holder is entitled to receive in the
Merger, less the shares being escrowed, plus any cash in lieu of fractional
shares (without interest thereon), all in accordance with this Article II. Until
properly surrendered, each outstanding certificate that, prior to the Effective
Time, represented shares of Company Common Stock, other than Dissenting Shares,
will be deemed from and after the Effective Time, for all corporate purposes,
subject to Section 2.3(b), to evidence the right to receive that number of
shares of Parent Common Stock and that amount of cash (without interest thereon)
that such holder is entitled to receive in the Merger, less the shares being
escrowed, plus any cash in lieu of fractional shares (without interest thereon)
all in accordance with this Article II. Shares of Parent Common Stock issued in
the Merger will be issued as of and deemed to be outstanding as of the Effective
Time.
7
<PAGE> 8
(b) DISTRIBUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO UNEXCHANGED SHARES. No dividends
or other distributions declared or made with respect to the Parent Common Stock
with a record date after the Effective Time will be paid to the holders of any
unsurrendered Company certificates until such holders properly surrender such
Company certificates. Upon a holder's surrender of any such Company certificates
(along with properly completed letters of transmittal and such other customary
documents as may be required in accordance with Section 2.3(a)), there will be
paid to that holder, promptly (and in any event no later than 30 days) after
such surrender, the amount of dividends or other distributions, excluding
interest thereon, declared with a record date after the Effective Time and not
paid because of the failure to properly surrender the Company certificates for
exchange.
(c) NO LIABILITY. Neither Parent, Merger Sub nor the Company will be
liable to any holder of Company Common Stock immediately prior to the Merger for
any shares of Parent Common Stock or cash delivered to a public official
pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law.
(d) WITHHOLDING RIGHTS. Parent will be entitled to deduct and
withhold from the Merger Consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this
Agreement to any holder of Company Common Stock immediately prior to the Merger
such amounts as Parent is required to deduct and withhold with respect to such
Merger Consideration under the Code, or any provision of state, local or foreign
tax law. To the extent that amounts are so withheld by Parent, such withheld
amounts will be treated for all purposes as having been paid to the holder of
the shares in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made.
(e) LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES. In the event any Company
certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed, Parent will issue in exchange
for such lost, stolen or destroyed certificates, upon the making of an affidavit
of that fact by the holder thereof, such number of shares of Parent Common Stock
that such holder is entitled to receive in the Merger, less the shares being
escrowed, plus any cash in lieu of fractional shares all in accordance with this
Article II; provided, however, that Parent may, in its sole discretion and as a
condition precedent thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed
certificates to deliver a bond in such sum as Parent may reasonably direct as
indemnity against any claim that may be made against Parent with respect to the
certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
2.4 STOCK TRANSFER BOOKS. At the Effective Time, the stock transfer
books of the Company will be closed, and there will be no further registration
of transfers of Company Common Stock thereafter on the records of the Company.
2.5 TAX AND ACCOUNTING CONSEQUENCES. For federal income tax purposes, it
is intended by the parties that the Merger qualify as a reorganization within
the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. The parties hereby adopt this
Agreement as a "plan of reor-
8
<PAGE> 9
ganization" within the meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the
United States Treasury Regulations (the "Treasury Regulations"). For accounting
purposes, it is intended by the parties that the Merger will be accounted for as
a purchase.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
Except as the Company Disclosure Schedule, delivered by the Company and
acknowledged by Parent at least 24 hours prior to the execution of this
Agreement, specifically qualifies any of the following representations and
warranties (in which case the specified representation and warranty, but no
other representation or warranty, will be deemed made subject to such
qualification), the Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Merger
Sub that:
3.1 ORGANIZATION AND GOOD STANDING. The Company is duly organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of California,
with full power and authority to own, operate and lease its properties, and to
carry on its business as that business is being conducted. The Company has full
power and authority to perform all its obligations under the Contracts (as
defined in Section 3.16). The Company is duly qualified to do business and is in
good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted
or to be conducted or the assets owned or leased or to be owned or leased by it
requires such qualification, except where the failure to so qualify would not
have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of
operations, operations or prospects of the Company. Part 3.1 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule lists each jurisdiction in which the Company is or has filed
to be qualified to conduct business and jurisdictions in which the Company pays
income, sales or other taxes.
3.2 SUBSIDIARIES; OWNERSHIP INTERESTS. The Company has no subsidiaries
(that is, corporations or other entities in which it has an equity interest or
over which it is in a position to exercise control, directly or indirectly) and
is not a party to any joint venture, partnership, trade association or other
similar association or arrangement. The Company has no right or obligation to
acquire any such equity interest or position or become such a party.
3.3 AUTHORIZATION. The Company has full right, power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement and the other agreements to be entered into
by the Company in connection with the consummation of this Agreement and to
consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and
delivery by the Company of this Agreement and such other agreements and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly
and validly authorized by the Company's Board of Directors. Except for
shareholder approval of the Merger, no other corporate or other proceedings on
the part of the Company are necessary to authorize this Agreement and such other
agreements and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. This
9
<PAGE> 10
Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and
constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms, and, when executed and
delivered by the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, each such
other agreement will be duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company
and will constitute a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company,
enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except in each
case as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the rights of
creditors generally or by general equitable principles. Except as identified in
Part 3.3 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, no filing with, and no permit,
authorization, consent or approval of any public body or authority is necessary
for the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement or any of such other agreements or to preserve the benefits and rights
that the Company has now or will have at the Closing.
3.4 CAPITALIZATION.
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i)
20,000,000 shares of common stock, of which 1,497,160 shares are issued and
outstanding and held of record by the persons and in the amounts listed in Part
3.4(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule; and (ii) 10,000,000 shares of
preferred stock, of which 3,500,000 shares are issued and outstanding and held
of record by James F. Kramer. The parties acknowledge that, immediately prior to
the Effective Time, Mr. Kramer will convert all of his shares of preferred stock
into common stock on a one-to-one basis. There are, and at the Closing there
will be, no other shares of capital stock of the Company outstanding, except for
shares of common stock issued on the conversion of all of the currently
outstanding shares of preferred stock or on the exercise of the currently
outstanding Company Stock Options, after the date of this Agreement. There is no
other class or type of shares of capital stock, equity interests or securities
of or in the Company authorized for issuance or outstanding. All of the
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized and
validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights.
(b) The Company has reserved an aggregate of 700,000 shares of
common stock for issuance upon the exercise of options, of which options
covering 368,000 shares of common stock (i.e., the Company Stock Options) have
been granted under the Company Stock Option Plan. Each outstanding Company Stock
Option has been duly authorized by the Company's Board of Directors; and the
Company Stock Option Plan has been duly approved and adopted by the Company's
Board of Directors and shareholders. True and complete copies of the Company
Stock Option Plan, and of the forms of all agreements and instruments relating
to or issued thereunder, have been provided to Parent. Such Company Stock Option
Plan, agreements, instruments and forms have not been amended, modified or
supplemented; and there are no agreements or
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<PAGE> 11
commitments (whether written or oral) to amend, modify or supplement the Company
Stock Option Plan or any such agreements, instruments or forms. Part 3.4(b) of
the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a true and complete list, as to each
outstanding Company Stock Option, of the name of each holder of such Company
Stock Option, the number of shares subject to such Company Stock Option, the
exercise price per share of such Company Stock Option, the number of shares as
to which such Company Stock Option is now exercisable and the times when and
amounts as to which such Company Stock Option will become exercisable. Except as
set forth in Part 3.4(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, there are no
outstanding options, warrants, rights, agreements, convertible securities or
other commitments (contingent or otherwise) pursuant to which the Company is or
may become obligated to issue or sell any shares of capital stock, equity
interests or other securities.
(c) Except as described in Part 3.4(c) of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, none of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock or Company
Preferred Stock or the Company Stock Options was issued or granted in violation
of the federal securities laws or the securities or blue sky laws of any other
applicable jurisdiction.
3.5 NO BREACH OR VIOLATION. None of the execution and delivery by the
Company of this Agreement or any of the other agreements to be entered into by
the Company in connection with the consummation of this Agreement, or the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, will (i)
violate or conflict with any provision of the Company's Articles of
Incorporation or Bylaws; (ii) except as set forth in Part 3.5 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, conflict with, or result in a violation or breach of, or
constitute a default under, require any notice under, or create any rights of
termination, cancellation or acceleration in any Person (as defined in Section
11.1(d)), require the consent or approval of any Person, or, in the absence of
the consent of any Person to the change of ownership and control of the Company
contemplated by this Agreement, result in the loss of any rights or benefits
either automatically or at the election of any Person or result in the creation
of any lien or encumbrance upon any of the Company's securities or assets
pursuant to the terms of any contract, indenture, mortgage, lease, agreement,
instrument, commitment or other arrangement to which the Company is a party or
by which it or any of its securities or assets is bound; (iii) violate any
judgment, order, permit, injunction, writ, decree or award of any court or any
regulatory or governmental authority against or binding upon the Company or any
of its securities or assets; or (iv) constitute a material violation by the
Company of, or either automatically or at the election of any Person result in
the material loss of any rights or benefits under, any statute, law, rule,
ordinance or regulation of any regulatory or governmental authority.
3.6 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS; ABSENCE OF LIABILITIES. The Company has
attached to Part 3.6 of the Company Disclosure Schedule complete and accurate
copies of the
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<PAGE> 12
Company's compiled balance sheets as at December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, and
its internally prepared balance sheet as at June 30 2000 (collectively, the
"Balance Sheets"), and its related compiled statements of operations,
shareholders' equity and cash flows for the three years ended December 31, 1999,
and its related internally prepared statements of operations, shareholders'
equity and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2000 (collectively, the
"Company Financial Statements"). The Company Financial Statements (i) have been
prepared from the books and records of the Company substantially in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a basis consistent with
prior periods except as set forth in Part 3.6 of the Company Disclosure
Schedule, and (ii) fairly present the consolidated results of operations, cash
flows and financial condition of the Company for and as of the dates and periods
indicated. Except as set forth in Part 3.6 of the Company Disclosure Schedule,
the Company has and at the Closing will have no liabilities or obligations,
whether contingent or absolute, direct or indirect, matured or unmatured,
asserted or unasserted, known or unknown, which are not shown or provided for on
the Balance Sheet or the notes thereto, except for those liabilities and
obligations which have arisen or will arise in the Ordinary Course of Business
(as defined in Section 11.1(c)) since June 30, 2000 (the "Balance Sheet Date")
and which are not individually or in the aggregate material in amount. There is
no basis for the assertion of any such liabilities or obligations. Except as set
forth in Part 3.6 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company did not have
at the Balance Sheet Date and will not have at the Closing Date any indebtedness
for borrowed money to any bank, financial institution or other Person for any
money loaned or advanced, letters of credit issued, assets purchased or leased
under leases required by generally accepted accounting principles to be
capitalized, or any forbearance, whether or not represented by notes, credit
agreements or other instruments. Except as set forth in Part 3.6 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule, the Company has not booked any sales, and the revenues
shown on the Company Financial Statements do not include any sales, that are
subject to a right of return or were made on consignment.
3.7 ABSENCE OF CERTAIN CHANGES. Except as set forth in Part 3.7 of the
Company Disclosure Schedule, since the Balance Sheet Date, (i) there has not
been any change in the condition (financial or otherwise), net worth, assets,
liabilities, business, properties, prospects or results of operations of the
Company (other than changes made or incurred in the Ordinary Course of
Business); and (ii) the Company has not:
(a) Incurred any obligation or liability or entered into, and the
Company or its assets or securities have not become bound by, any agreement,
contract, lease or license or series of related agreements, contracts, leases or
licenses (except for this Agreement) other than in the Ordinary Course of
Business and involving obligations and liabilities not in excess of $10,000
individually or $50,000 in the aggregate, not including open purchase orders for
inventory placed in the Ordinary Course of Business;
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(b) Discharged or satisfied any lien or other encumbrance, paid any
liability or obligation whether fixed or contingent (except in the Ordinary
Course of Business or as required by the terms hereof) or accelerated,
terminated, modified or canceled any agreement, contract, lease or license;
(c) Mortgaged, pledged or subjected to any lien or other encumbrance
any of its assets;
(d) Sold, assigned, transferred, leased or otherwise disposed of or
agreed to dispose of any of its assets (except for sales of inventories in the
Ordinary Course of Business);
(e) Waived or released any material rights;
(f) Made any capital expenditure or improvement in excess of $10,000
individually, or $50,000 in the aggregate, or entered into any commitment
therefor;
(g) Suffered any damage, destruction or loss (whether or not covered
by insurance) adversely affecting its assets or business;
(h) Paid or agreed to pay any bonuses or make or agree to make any
increase in the rate of wages, salaries, compensation or other remuneration of
any of its directors, officers, employees consultants or agents;
(i) Paid or agreed to pay any pension, retirement allowance or other
employee benefit not required by any existing plan, agreement or arrangement to
any of its directors, officers or employees, whether past or present; or
(j) Declared or paid any dividends or made any distributions, either
in cash or in kind, repurchased any of its shares of capital stock, equity
interests or securities or made any other payment to or on behalf of any direct
or indirect owner of any shares of capital stock, equity interests or
securities.
3.8 TAX MATTERS.
(a) For purposes of this Agreement:
(i) "Tax" or, collectively, "Taxes" means (A) any federal,
foreign, state and local taxes, assessments, duties and other similar
governmental charges and impositions properly includable in charges, accruals or
reserves for "taxes" under generally accepted accounting principles, including
customs duties, taxes based upon or measured by gross receipts, income, profits,
sales, use and occupation, and value added, ad valorem, transfer, franchise,
withholding (whether as a withholding agent or direct obligee), payroll,
recapture, employment, excise and property taxes, together with all interest,
penalties and additions imposed with respect to such amounts; and (B) any
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liability for the payment of any amounts of the type described in clause (A) as
a result of being a member of an affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary
group for any period;
(ii) "Return" means any federal, foreign, state and local
return, estimate, information statement or report relating to any and all Taxes,
including any amendments of any previously filed return filed or required to be
filed with a Tax Agency, as defined below; and
(iii) "Tax Agency" means the United States Internal Revenue
Service (the "IRS") or any other federal, foreign, state or local taxing
authority.
(b) The Company has filed all income Tax Returns required to be
filed by it in a timely manner and has paid all Taxes shown to be due on such
Tax Returns, and all such Tax Returns are accurate and correct in all respects.
No action or proceeding for the assessment or collection of any Taxes is pending
against the Company, and no notice of any claim for Taxes, whether pending or
Threatened, has been received; no deficiency, assessment or other claim for
Taxes has been asserted or made against the Company that has not been fully paid
or finally settled; and no issue has been raised by any Tax Agency in connection
with an audit or examination. No federal, state or foreign income Tax Returns of
the Company have been or are being audited or examined, and there are no
outstanding agreements or waivers extending the applicable statutory periods of
limitation for such Taxes for any period.
(c) All Taxes that the Company has been required to collect or to
withhold have been duly withheld or collected and, to the extent required, have
been paid to the proper taxing authority.
(d) The Company is not and has not ever been a party to any Tax
allocation or sharing agreement, and has granted no outstanding power of
attorney regarding Taxes.
(e) None of the assets of the Company constitutes tax-exempt bond
financed property or tax-exempt use property within the meaning of Section 168
of the Code. The Company is not a party to any "safe harbor lease" that is
subject to the provisions of Section 168(f)(8) of the Code as in effect prior to
the Tax Reform Act of 1986, or to any "long term contract" within the meaning of
Section 460 of the Code.
(f) The Company is not a "consenting corporation" within the meaning
of Section 341(f)(1) of the Code, or comparable provisions of any state
statutes, and none of the assets of the Company are subject to an election under
Section 341(f) of the Code or comparable provisions of any state statutes.
(g) The Company is not a party to any joint venture, partnership or
other arrangement that is treated as a partnership for federal income Tax
purposes.
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(h) There are no accounting method changes of the Company that could
give rise to an adjustment under Section 481 of the Code for periods after the
Closing Date.
(i) The Company has reasonable authority for the treatment of, or
has disclosed (in accordance with Section 6662(d)(2)(B)(ii) of the Code) on its
federal income Tax Returns, all positions taken therein that could give rise to
a substantial understatement of federal income Tax within the meaning of Section
6662(d) of the Code.
(j) The Company has not been a member of an affiliated group filing
a consolidated federal income Tax return and does not have any liability for the
Taxes of another person (i) under Section 1.1502-6 of the Treasury Regulations
(or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law), (ii) as a transferee
or successor, (iii) by contract or (iv) otherwise.
(k) The Company (i) has not agreed to and is not required to make
any adjustment pursuant to Section 481(a) of the Code and has no Knowledge (as
defined in Section 11.1) that the IRS has proposed in writing any such
adjustment or change in accounting method with respect to the Company; and (ii)
does not have any application pending with the IRS or any other Tax Agency
requesting permission for any change in accounting method.
(l) The Company has no income reportable for a period ending after
the Closing Date but attributable to a transaction (e.g., an installment sale)
occurring in a period ending on or prior to the Closing Date which resulted in a
deferred reporting of income from such transaction.
(m) Part 3.8 of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a complete
and accurate list of all Tax Returns filed with respect to the Company and
indicates for which jurisdictions Tax Returns have been filed on the basis of a
consolidated or unitary group, the most recent Tax Return for each relevant
jurisdiction for which an audit has been completed or the statute of limitations
has lapsed, and all Tax Returns that currently are the subject of audit.
(n) The Company is not, and has not been at any time, a "United
States real property holding corporation" within the meaning of Section
897(c)(2) of the Code.
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