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RICHARD LEWIS CONSTRUCTION CO.
* * * * * *
BY - LAWS
* * * * * *
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. The principal office shall be in the City of Reno, County of
Washoe, State of Nevada.
Section 2. The corporation may also have offices at such other places both
within and without the State of Nevada as the board of directors may from time
to time determine or the business of the corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. All annual meetings of the stockholders shall be held in any
location chosen by the director. Special meetings of the stockholders may be
held at such time and place within or without the State of Nevada as shall be
stated in the notice of the meeting, or in a duly executed waiver of notice
thereof.
Section 2. Annual meetings of stockholders, commencing with the year 1994,
shall be held within 180 days of year end, if not a legal holiday, and if a
legal holiday, then on the next secular day following, at which they shall elect
by a plurality vote a board of directors, and transact such other business as
may properly be brought before the meeting.
Section 3. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or
purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the articles of
incorporation, may be called by the president and shall be called by the
president or secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the board of
directors, or at the request in writing of stockholders owning a majority in
amount of the entire capital stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and
entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the
proposed meeting.
Section 4. Notices of meetings shall be in writing and signed by the
president or a vice president, or the secretary, or an assistant secretary, or
by such other person or persons as the directors shall designate. Such notice
Page 1
{PAGE}
shall state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called and the time
when, and the place, which may be within or without the state of Nevada, where
it is to be held. A copy of such notice shall be either delivered personally or
shall be mailed, postage prepaid, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote
at such meeting not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before such meeting. If
mailed, it shall be directed to a stockholder at his address as it appears upon
the records of the corporation and upon such mailing of any such notice, the
service thereof shall be complete, and the time of the notice shall begin to run
from the date upon which such notice is deposited in the mail for transmission
to such stockholder. In the event of the transfer of stock after delivery or
mailing of the notice of, and before the holding of, the meeting, it shall not
be necessary to deliver or mail notice of the meeting to the transferee.
Section 5. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders
shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.
Section 6. Stockholders holding at least a majority of the voting power,
present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all
meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise
provided by statute or by the articles of incorporation. If, however, such
quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders,
the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by
proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice
other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or
represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or
represented any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at
the meeting as originally notified.
Section 7. An act of stockholders who hold at least a majority of the
voting power and are present at a meeting at which a quorum is present is the
act of the stockholders unless the statutes or articles of incorporation provide
for different proportions.
Section 8. Every stockholder of record of the corporation shall be
entitled at each meeting of stockholders to one vote for each share of stock
standing in his name on the books of the corporation.
Section 9. At any meeting of the stockholders, any stockholder may
Page 2
{PAGE}
designate another person or persons to act as a proxy or proxies as provided by
law. If any stockholders designates two or more persons to act as proxies, a
majority of those persons present at the meeting, or, if only one shall be
present, then that one shall have and may exercise all of the powers conferred
by such stockholder upon all of the persons so designated unless the stockholder
shall otherwise provide. No such proxy shall be valid after the expiration of
six months from the date of its creation, unless it is coupled with an interest,
or unless the stockholder specifies in it the length of time for which it is to
continue in force, which may not exceed seven years from the date of its
creation. Subject to the above, any proxy properly created is not revoked and
continues in full force and effect until another instrument or transmission
revoking it or a properly created proxy bearing a later date is filed with or
transmitted to the secretary of the corporation or another person or persons
appointed by the corporation to count the votes of stockholders and determine
the validity of proxies and ballots.
Section 10. Any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting if a
written consent thereto is signed by stockholders holding at least a majority of
the voting power, unless the provisions of the statutes or of the articles of
incorporation require a greater proportion of voting power to authorize such
action, in which case, such greater proportion of written consents shall be
required.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
Section 1. The number of directors shall be neither more than one. The
number of directors is to be fixed by vote of the shareholders. The directors
shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders, and except as
provided in Section 2 of this article, each director elected shall hold office
until his successor is elected and qualified. Directors need not be
stockholders.
Section 2. Vacancies, including those caused by an increase in the number
of directors, may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors though less
than a quorum. When one or more directors shall give notice of his or their
Page 3
{PAGE}
resignation to the board, effective at a future date, the board shall have power
to fill such vacancy or vacancies to take effect when such resignation or
resignations shall become effective, each director so appointed to hold office
during the remainder of the term of office of the resigning director or
directors.
Section 3. The business of the corporation shall be managed by its board
of directors which may exercise all such powers of the corporation and do all
such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the articles of
incorporation or by these by-laws directed or required to be exercised or done
by the stockholders.
Section 4. The board of directors of the corporation may hold meetings,
both regular and special, either within or without the State of Nevada.
MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 5. The first meeting of each newly elected board of directors
shall be held at such time and place as shall be fixed by the vote of the
stockholders at the annual meeting and no notice of such meeting shall be
necessary to the newly elected directors in order legally to constitute the
meeting, provided a quorum shall be present. In the event of the failure of the
stockholders to fix the time or place of such first meeting of the newly elected
board of directors, or in the event such meeting is not held at the time and
place so fixed by the stockholders, the meeting may be held at such time and
place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for
special meetings of the board of directors, or as shall be specified in a
written waiver signed by all of the directors.
Section 6. Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without
notice at such time and place as shall from time to time be determined by the
board.
Section 7. Special meetings of the board of directors may be called by the
president or secretary on the written request of two directors. Written notice
of special meetings of the board of directors shall be given to each director
with 10 days notice before the date of the meeting.
Section 8. A majority of the board of directors, at a meeting duly
Page 4
{PAGE}
assembled, shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of
business and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at
which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors, except as
may be otherwise specifically provided by statute or by the articles of
incorporation. Any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the
directors may be taken without a meeting if, before or after such action, a
written consent thereto shall be signed by all of the directors entitled to vote
with respect to the subject matter thereof.
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
Section 9. The board of directors may, by resolution passed by a majority
of the whole board, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist
of one or more of the directors of the corporation, which, to the extent
provided in the resolution, shall have and may exercise the powers of the board
of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation,
and may have power to authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all
papers which may require it. Such committee or committees shall have such name
or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the
board of directors. The board of directors may appoint natural persons who are
not directors to serve on committees.
Section 10. The committees shall keep regular minutes of their proceedings
and report the same to the board when required.
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Section 11. The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of
attendance at each meeting of the board of directors and may be paid a fixed sum
for attendance at each meeting of the board of directors or a stated salary as
director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the
corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members
of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending
committee meetings.
Page 5
{PAGE}
ARTICLE IV
NOTICES
Section 1. Notices to directors and stockholders shall be in writing and
delivered personally or mailed to the directors or stockholders at their
addresses appearing on the books of the corporation. Notice by mail shall be
deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be mailed. Notice to
directors may also be given by telegram.
Section 2. Whenever all parties entitled to vote at any meeting, whether
of directors or stockholders, consent, either by a writing on the records of the
meeting or filed with the secretary, or by presence at such meeting and oral
consent entered on the minutes, or by taking part in the deliberations at such
meeting without objection, the doings of such meeting shall be as valid as if
had at a meeting regularly called and noticed, and at such meeting any business
may be transacted which is not excepted from the written consent or to the
consideration of which no objection for want of notice is made at the time, and
if any meeting be irregular for want of notice or of such consent, provided a
quorum was present at such meeting, the proceedings of said meeting may be
ratified and approved and rendered likewise valid and the irregularity or defect
therein waived by a writing signed by all parties having the right to vote at
such meetings; and such consent or approval of stockholders may be by proxy or
attorney, but all such proxies and powers of attorney must be in writing.
Section 3. Whenever any notice whatever is required to be given under the
provisions of the statutes, of the articles of incorporation or of these
by-laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled
to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed
equivalent thereto.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. The officers of the corporation shall be chosen by the board of
directors and shall be a president, a vice president, a secretary and a
treasurer. Any person may hold two or more offices.
Section 2. The board of directors at its first meeting after each annual
meeting of stockholders shall choose a president, a vice president, a secretary
Page 6
{PAGE}
and a treasurer, none of whom need be a member of the board.
Section 3. The board of directors may appoint additional vice presidents,
and assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers and such other officers and
agents as it shall deem necessary who shall hold their offices for such terms
and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined
from time to time by the board.
Section 4. The salaries of all officers and agents of the corporation
shall be fixed by the board of directors.
Section 5. The officers of the corporation shall hold office until their
successors are chosen and qualify. Any officer elected or appointed by the board
of directors may be removed at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of
the board of directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation
by death, resignation, removal or otherwise shall be filled by the board of
directors.
THE PRESIDENT
Section 6. The president shall be the chief executive officer of the
corporation, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the board of
directors, shall have general and active management of the business of the
corporation, and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the board of
directors are carried into effect.
Section 7. He shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring
a seal, under the seal of the corporation, except where required or permitted by
law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and
execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the board of directors to some
other officer or agent of the corporation.
THE VICE PRESIDENT
Section 8. The vice president shall, in the absence of disability of the
president, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the president and shall
perform such other duties as the board of directors may from time to time
prescribe.
Page 7
{PAGE}
THE SECRETARY
Section 9. The secretary shall attend all meetings of the board of
directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of
the meetings of the corporation and of the board of directors in a book to be
kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees
when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of
the stockholders and special meetings of the board of directors, and shall
perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or
president, under whose supervision he shall be. He shall keep in safe custody
the seal of the corporation and, when authorized by the board of directors,
affix the same to any instrument requiring it and, when so affixed, it shall be
attested by his signature or by the signature of the treasurer or an assistant
secretary.
THE TREASURER
Section 10. The treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds
and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and
disbursements in books belonging to the corporation and shall deposit all moneys
and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in
such depositories as may be designated by the board of directors.
Section 11. He shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be
ordered by the board of directors taking proper vouchers for such disbursements,
and shall render to the president and the board of directors, at the regular
meetings of the board, or when the board of directors so requires, an account of
all his transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the
corporation.
Section 12. If required by the board of directors, he shall give the
corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be
satisfactory to the board of directors for the faithful performance of the
duties of his office and for the restoration to the corporation, in case of his
death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers,
vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under
his control belonging to the corporation.
Page 8
{PAGE}
ARTICLE VI
CERTIFICATES OF STOCK
Section 1. Every stockholder shall be entitled to have a certificate,
signed by the president or a vice president and the treasurer or an assistant
treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation,
certifying the number of shares owned by him in the corporation. When the
corporation is authorized to issue shares of more than one class or more than
one series of any class, there shall be set forth upon the face or back of the
certificate, or the certificate shall have a statement that the corporation will
furnish to any stockholders upon request and without charge, a full or summary
statement of the voting powers, designations, preferences, limitations,
restrictions and relative rights of the various classes of stock or series
thereof.
Section 2. Whenever any certificate is countersigned or otherwise
authenticated by a transfer agent or transfer clerk, and by a registrar, then a
facsimile of the signatures of the officers or agents of the corporation may be
printed or lithographed upon such certificate in lieu of the actual signatures.
If any officer or officers who shall have signed, or whose facsimile signature
or signatures shall have been used on, any such certificate or certificates
shall cease to be such officer or officers of the corporation, whether because
of death, resignation or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates
shall have been delivered by the corporation, such certificate or certificates
may nevertheless be adopted by the corporation and be issued and delivered as
though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates, or
whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used thereon, had not
ceased to be the officer or officers of such corporation.
LOST CERTIFICATES
Section 3. The board of directors may direct a new certificate or
certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates
theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost or destroyed,
upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the
certificate of stock to be lost or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a
new certificate or
Page 9
{PAGE}
certificates, the board of directors may, in its discretion and as a condition
precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost or destroyed
certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise the same
in such manner as it shall require and/or give the corporation a bond in such
sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the
corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost or
destroyed.
TRANSFER OF STOCK
Section 4. Upon surrender to the corporation of the transfer agent of the
corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper
evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the
duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled
thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS
Section 5. The directors may prescribe a period not exceeding 60 days
before to any meeting of the stockholders during which no transfer of stock on
the books of the corporation may be made, or may fix a day not more than 60 days
before the holding of any such meeting as the day as of which stockholders
entitled to notice of and to vote at such meeting shall be determined; and only
stockholders of record on such day shall be entitled to notice or to vote at
such meeting.
REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS
Section 6. The corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive
right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive
dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and
assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall
not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such
share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have
express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of
Nevada.
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{PAGE}
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
DIVIDENDS
Section 1. Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to
the provisions of the articles of incorporation, if any, may be declared by the
board of directors at any regular or special meeting pursuant to law. Dividends
may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the capital stock, subject to
the provisions of the articles of incorporation.
Section 2. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of
any funds of the corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the
directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a
reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for
repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, or for such other
purpose as the directors shall think conducive to the interest of the
corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserves in the
manner in which it was created.
CHECKS
Section 3. All checks or demands for money and notes of the corporation
shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as
the board of directors may from time to time designate.
FISCAL YEAR
Section 4. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution
of the board of directors.
SEAL
Section 5. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the
corporation, the year of its incorporation and the words "Corporate Seal,
Nevada."
ARTICLE VIII
AMENDMENTS
Section 1. These by-laws may be altered or repealed at any regular meeting
Page 11
{PAGE}
of the stockholders or of the board of directors or at any special meeting of
the stockholders or of the board of directors if notice of such alteration or
repeal be contained in the notice of such special meeting.
Page 12
{PAGE}
BYLAWS
OF
MEADOW VALLEY CORPORATION
Table of Contents
Article Page
I. Offices ........................................................... 1
II. Shareholders ...................................................... 1
III. Board of Directors ................................................ 8
IV. Officers and Agents ............................................... 12
V. Stock ............................................................. 15
VI. Indemnification of Certain Persons ................................ 17
VII. Provision of Insurance ............................................ 20
VIII. Miscellaneous ..................................................... 20
Effective: October 20, 1995
{PAGE}
BYLAWS
OF
MEADOW VALLEY CORPORATION
ARTICLE I
Offices
The principal office of the corporation shall be designated from time to
time by the corporation and may be within or outside of Nevada.
The corporation may have such other offices, either within or outside
Nevada, as the board of directors may designate or as the business of the
corporation may require from time to time.
The registered office of the corporation required under Nevada law to be
maintained in Nevada may be, but need not be, identical with the principal
office, and the address of the registered office may be changed from time to
time by the board of directors.
ARTICLE II
Shareholders
Section 1. Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of the shareholders shall be
held within 180 days of the Corporation's fiscal year end on a date and at a
time fixed by the board of directors of the corporation (or by the president in
the absence of action by the board of directors), beginning with the year 1996,
for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other
business as may come before the meeting. If the election of directors is not
held on the day fixed as provided herein for any annual meeting of the
shareholders, or any adjournment thereof, the board of directors shall cause the
election to be held at a special meeting of the shareholders as soon thereafter
as it may conveniently be held.
A shareholder may apply to the district court in the county in Nevada
where the corporation's principal office is located or, if the corporation has
no principal office in Nevada, to the district court of the county in which the
corporation's registered office is located to seek an order that a shareholder
meeting be held (i) if an annual meeting was not held within six months after
the close of the corporation's most recently ended fiscal year or fifteen months
after its last annual meeting, whichever is earlier, or (ii) if the shareholder
participated in a proper call of or proper demand for a special meeting and
notice of the special meeting was not given within thirty days after the date of
the call or the date the last of the demands necessary to require calling of the
meeting was received by the corporation pursuant to Nevada law, or the special
meeting was not held in accordance with the notice.
Section 2. Special Meetings. Unless otherwise prescribed by statute,
special meetings of the shareholders may be called for any purpose by the
president or by the board of directors. The president shall call a special
meeting of the shareholders if the corporation receives one or more written
demands for the meeting, stating the purpose or purposes for which it is to be
held,
{PAGE}
signed and dated by holders of shares representing at least ten percent of all
the votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered at the
meeting.
Section 3. Place of Meeting. The board of directors may designate any
place, either within or outside Nevada, as the place for any annual meeting or
any special meeting called by the board of directors. A waiver of notice signed
by all shareholders entitled to vote at a meeting may designate any place,
either within or outside Nevada, as the place for such meeting. If no
designation is made, or if a special meeting is called other than by the board,
the place of meeting shall be the principal office of the corporation.
Section 4. Notice of Meeting. Written notice stating the place, date, and
hour of the meeting shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days
before the date of the meeting, except that (i) if the number of authorized
shares is to be increased, at least thirty days' notice shall be given, or (ii)
any other longer notice period is required under Nevada law. The secretary shall
be required to give such notice only to shareholders entitled to vote at the
meeting except as otherwise required under Nevada law.
Notice of a special meeting shall include a description of the purpose or
purposes of the meeting. Notice of an annual meeting need not include a
description of the purpose or purposes of the meeting except the purpose or
purposes shall be stated with respect to (i) an amendment to the articles of
incorporation of the corporation, (ii) a merger or share exchange in which the
corporation is a party and, with respect to a share exchange, in which the
corporation's shares will be acquired, (iii) a sale, lease, exchange or other
disposition, other than in the usual and regular course of business, of all or
substantially all of the property of the corporation or of another entity which
this corporation controls, in each case with or without the goodwill, (iv) a
dissolution of the corporation, (v) restatement of the articles of
incorporation, or (vi) any other purpose for which a statement of purpose is
required under Nevada law. Notice shall be given personally or by mail, private
carrier, telegraph, teletype, electronically transmitted facsimile or other form
of wire or wireless communication by or at the direction of the president, the
secretary, or the officer or persons calling the meeting, to each shareholder of
record entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed and if in a comprehensible
form, such notice shall be deemed to be given and effective when deposited in
the United States mail, properly addressed to the shareholder at his address as
it appears in the corporation's current record of shareholders, with first class
postage prepaid. If notice is given other than by mail, and provided that such
notice is in a comprehensible form, the notice is given and effective on the
date actually received by the shareholder.
If requested by the person or persons lawfully calling such meeting, the
secretary shall give notice thereof at corporate expense. No notice need be sent
to any shareholder if three successive notices mailed to the last known address
of such shareholder have been returned as undeliverable until such time as
another address for such shareholder is made known to the corporation by such
shareholder. In order to be entitled to receive notice of any meeting, a
shareholder shall advise the corporation in writing of any change in such
shareholder's mailing address as shown on the corporation's books and records.
2
{PAGE}
When a meeting is adjourned to another date, time or place, notice need
not be given of the new date, time or place if the new date, time or place of
such meeting is announced before adjournment at the meeting at which the
adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the corporation may transact any
business which may have been transacted at the original meeting. If the
adjournment is for more than 120 days, or new record date is fixed for the
adjourned meeting, a new notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each
shareholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting as of the new record date.
A shareholder may waive notice of a meeting before or after the time and
date of the meeting by a writing signed by such shareholder. Such waiver shall
be delivered to the corporation for filing with the corporate records, but this
delivery and filing shall not be conditions to the effectiveness of the waiver.
Further, by attending a meeting either in person or by proxy, a shareholder
waives objection to lack of notice or defective notice of the meeting unless the
shareholder objects at the beginning of the meeting to the holding of the
meeting or the transaction of business at the meeting because of lack of notice
or defective notice. By attending the meeting, the shareholder also waives any
objection to consideration at the meeting of a particular matter not within the
purpose or purposes described in the meeting notice unless the shareholder
objects to considering the matter when it is presented.
Section 5. Fixing of Record Date. For the purpose of determining
shareholders entitled to (i) notice of or vote at any meeting of shareholders or
any adjournment thereof, (ii) receive distributions or share dividends, (iii)
demand a special meeting, or (iv) make a determination of shareholders for any
other proper purpose, the board of directors may fix a future date as the record
date for any such determination of shareholders, such date in any case to be not
more than seventy days, and, in case of a meeting of shareholders, not less than
ten days, prior to the date on which the particular action requiring such
determination of shareholders is to be taken. If no record date is fixed by the
directors, the record date shall be the day before the notice of the meeting is
given to shareholders, or the date on which the resolution of the board of
directors providing for a distribution is adopted, as the case may be. When a
determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders is
made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any
adjournment thereof unless the board of directors fixes a new record date, which
it must do if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than 120 days after the
date fixed for the original meeting. Unless otherwise specified when the record
date is fixed, the time of day for such determination shall be as of the
corporation's close of business on the record date.
Notwithstanding the above, the record date for determining the
shareholders entitled to take action without a meeting or entitled to be given
notice of action so taken shall be the date a writing upon which the action is
taken is first received by the corporation. The record date for determining
shareholders entitled to demand a special meeting shall be the date of the
earliest of any of the demands pursuant to which the meeting is called.
Section 6. Voting Lists. After a record date is fixed for a shareholders'
meeting, the secretary shall make, at the earlier of ten days before such
meeting or two business days after
3
{PAGE}
notice of the meeting has been given, a complete list of the shareholders
entitled to be given notice of such meeting or any adjournment thereof. The list
shall be arranged by voting groups and within each voting group by class or
series of shares, shall be in alphabetical order within each class or series,
and shall show the address of and the number of shares of each class or series
held by each shareholder. For the period beginning the earlier of ten days prior
to the meeting or two business days after notice of the meeting is given and
continuing through the meeting and any adjournment thereof, this list shall be
kept on file at the principal office of the corporation, or at a place (which
shall be identified in the notice) in the city where the meeting will be held.
Such list shall be available for inspection on written demand by any shareholder
(including for the purpose of this Section 6 any holder of voting trust
certificates) or his agent or attorney during regular business hours and during
the period available for inspection. The original stock transfer books shall be
prima facie evidence as to who are the shareholders entitled to examine such
list or transfer books or to vote at any meeting of shareholders.
Any shareholder, his agent or attorney may copy the list during regular
business hours and during the period it is available for inspection, provided
(i) the shareholder has been a shareholder for at least three months immediately
preceding the demand or holds at least five percent of all outstanding shares of
any class of shares as of the date of the demand, (ii) the demand is made in
good faith and for a purpose reasonably related to the demanding shareholder's
interest as a shareholder, (iii) the shareholder describes with reasonable
particularity the purpose and the records the shareholder desires to inspect,
(iv) the records are directly connected with the described purpose, and (v) the
shareholder pays a reasonable charge covering the costs of labor and material
for such copies, not to exceed the estimated cost of production and
reproduction.
Section 7. Recognition Procedure for Beneficial Owners. The board of
directors may adopt by resolution a procedure whereby a shareholder of the
corporation may certify in writing to the corporation that all or a portion of
the shares registered in the name of such shareholder are held for the account
of a specified person or persons. The resolution may set forth (i) the types of
nominees to which it applies, (ii) the rights or privileges that the corporation
will recognize in a beneficial owner, which may include rights and privileges
other than voting, (iii) the form of certification and the information to be
contained therein, (iv) if the certification is with respect to a record date,
the time within which the certification must be received by the corporation, (v)
the period for which the nominee's use of the procedure is effective, and (vi)
such other provisions with respect to the procedure as the board deems necessary
or desirable. Upon receipt by the corporation of a certificate complying with
the procedure established by the board of directors, the persons specified in
the certification shall be deemed, for the purpose or purposes set forth in the
certification, to be the registered holders of the number of shares specified in
place of the shareholder making the certification.
Section 8. Quorum and Manner of Acting. One-third of the votes entitled to
be cast on a matter by a voting group represented in person or by proxy, shall
constitute a quorum of that voting group for action on the matter. If less than
one-third of such votes are represented at a meeting, a majority of the votes so
represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time
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without further notice, for a period not to exceed 120 days for any one
adjournment. If a quorum is present at such adjourned meeting, any business may
be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally
noticed. The shareholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to
transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough
shareholders to leave less than a quorum, unless the meeting is adjourned and a
new record date is set for the adjourned meeting.
If a quorum exists, action on a matter other than the election of
directors by a voting group is approved if the votes cast within the voting
group favoring the action exceed the votes cast within the voting group opposing
the action, unless the vote of a greater number or voting by classes is required
by law or the articles of incorporation.
Section 9. Proxies. At all meetings of shareholders, a shareholder may
vote by proxy by signing an appointment form or similar writing, either
personally or by his duly authorized attorney-in-fact. A shareholder may also
appoint a proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of a telegram,
teletype, or other electronic transmission providing a written statement of the
appointment to the proxy, a proxy solicitor, proxy support service organization,
or other person duly authorized by the proxy to receive appointments as agent
for the proxy, or to the corporation. The transmitted appointment shall set
forth or be transmitted with written evidence from which it can be determined
that the shareholder transmitted or authorized the transmission of the
appointment. The proxy appointment form or similar writing shall be filed with
the secretary of the corporation before or at the time of the meeting. The
appointment of a proxy is effective when received by the corporation and is
valid for eleven months unless a different period is expressly provided in the
appointment form or similar writing.
Any complete copy, including an electronically transmitted facsimile, of
an appointment of a proxy may be substituted for or used in lieu of the original
appointment for any purpose for which the original appointment could be used.
Revocation of a proxy does not affect the right of the corporation to
accept the proxy's authority unless (i) the corporation had notice that the
appointment was coupled with an interest and notice that such interest is
extinguished is received by the secretary or other officer or agent authorized
to tabulate votes before the proxy exercises his authority under the
appointment, or (ii) other notice of the revocation of the appointment is
received by the secretary or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate votes
before the proxy exercises his authority under the appointment. Other notice of
revocation may, in the discretion of the corporation, be deemed to include the
appearance at a shareholders' meeting of the shareholder who granted the proxy
and his voting in person on any matter subject to a vote at such meeting.
The death or incapacity of the shareholder appointing a proxy does not
affect the right of the corporation to accept the proxy's authority unless
notice of the death or incapacity is received by the secretary or other officer
or agent authorized to tabulate votes before the proxy exercises his authority
under the appointment.
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The corporation shall not be required to recognize an appointment made
irrevocable if it has received a writing revoking the appointment signed by the
shareholder (including a shareholder who is a successor to the shareholder who
granted the proxy) either personally or by his attorney-in-fact, notwithstanding
that the revocation may be a breach of an obligation of the shareholder to
another person not to revoke the appointment.
Subject to Section 11 and any express limitation on the proxy's authority
appearing on the appointment form, the corporation is entitled to accept the
proxy's vote or other action as that of the shareholder making the appointment.
Section 10. Voting of Shares. Each outstanding share, regardless of class,
shall be entitled to one vote, except in the election of directors, and each
fractional share shall be entitled to a corresponding fractional vote on each
matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of shareholders, except to the extent
that the voting rights of the shares of any class or classes are limited or
denied by the articles of incorporation as permitted under Nevada law.
Cumulative voting shall not be permitted in the election of directors or for any
other purpose. Each record holder of stock shall be entitled to vote in the
election of directors and shall have as many votes for each of the shares owned
by him as there are directors to be elected and for whose election he has the
right to vote.
At each election of directors, that number of candidates equaling the
number of directors to be elected, having the highest number of votes cast in
favor of their election, shall be elected to the board of directors.
Except as otherwise ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction upon a
finding that the purpose of this Section would not be violated in the
circumstances presented to the court, the shares of the corporation are not
entitled to be voted if they are owned, directly or indirectly, by a second
corporation, domestic or foreign, and the first corporation owns, directly or
indirectly, a majority of the shares entitled to vote for directors of the
second corporation except to the extent the second corporation holds the shares
in a fiduciary capacity.
Redeemable shares are not entitled to be voted after notice of redemption
is mailed to the holders and a sum sufficient to redeem the shares has been
deposited with a bank, trust company or other financial institution under an
irrevocable obligation to pay the holders the redemption price on surrender of
the shares.
Section 11. Corporation's Acceptance of Votes. If the name signed on a
vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment, or proxy appointment revocation
corresponds to the name of a shareholder, the corporation, if acting in good
faith, is entitled to accept the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or
proxy appointment revocation and give it effect as the act of the shareholder.
If the name signed on a vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy
appointment revocation does not correspond to the name of a shareholder, the
corporation, if acting in good faith, is nevertheless entitled to accept the
vote, consent, waiver, proxy
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appointment or proxy appointment revocation and to give it effect as the act of
the shareholder if:
(i) the shareholder is an entity and the name signed purports to be that
of an officer or agent of the entity;
(ii) the name signed purports to be that of an administrator, executor,
guardian or conservator representing the shareholder and, if the
corporation requests, evidence of fiduciary status acceptable to the
corporation has been presented with respect to the vote, consent,
waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment revocation;
(iii) the name signed purports to be that of a receiver or trustee in
bankruptcy of the shareholder and, if the corporation requests,
evidence of this status acceptable to the corporation has been
presented with respect to the vote, consent, waiver, proxy
appointment or proxy appointment revocation;
(iv) the name signed purports to be that of a pledgee, beneficial owner
or attorney-in-fact of the shareholder and, if the corporation
requests, evidence acceptable to the corporation of the signatory's
authority to sign for the shareholder has been presented with
respect to the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy
appointment revocation;
(v) two or more persons are the shareholder as co-tenants or fiduciaries
and the name signed purports to be the name of at least one of the
co-tenants or fiduciaries, and the person signing appears to be
acting on behalf of all the co-tenants or fiduciaries; or
(vi) the acceptance of the vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or
proxy appointment revocation is otherwise proper under rules
established by the corporation that are not inconsistent with this
Section 11.
The corporation is entitled to reject a vote, consent, waiver, proxy
appointment or proxy appointment revocation if the secretary or other officer or
agent authorized to tabulate votes, acting in good faith, has reasonable basis
for doubt about the validity of the signature on it or about the signatory's
authority to sign for the shareholder.
Neither the corporation nor its officers nor any agent who accepts or
rejects a vote, consent, waiver, proxy appointment or proxy appointment
revocation in good faith and in accordance with the standards of this Section is
liable in damages for the consequences of the acceptance or rejection.
Section 12. Informal Action by Shareholders. Any action required or
permitted to be taken at a meeting of the shareholders may be taken without a
meeting if a written consent (or counterparts thereof) that sets forth the
action so taken is signed by all of the shareholders
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entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof and received by the
corporation. Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous
vote of the shareholders and may be stated as such in any document. Action taken
under this Section 12 is effective as of the date the last writing necessary to
effect the action is received by the corporation, unless all of the writings
specify a different effective date, in which case such specified date shall be
the effective date for such action. If any shareholder revokes his consent as
provided for herein prior to what would otherwise be the effective date, the
action proposed in the consent shall be invalid. The record date for determining
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